Neem (Azadirachta indica A.Juss.), native to the arid regions of Indian subcontinent, is a valuable tree because its fast growing rate and many technological importanc applications. We examined micrografting of the highly interested A.indica onto Melia Azedarach L. (Persian lilac) rootstock seedling, with the objective of estimating the resistance of this union to cold treatment afterwards. In these micrografting experiments the age of rootstock, the localization of graft and hormonal treatments during the time course of growth were examined under in vitro condition and after transfering to soil. The best shoot tips graft success was found on young rootstock (40.1%) in lateral hypocotyls position. Exogenous auxine in association with cytokinine was necessary to the best union and growth. In contrast effect of treatment increased amount of 18.33%in compare to control. If salicylic acid showed an inhibitory effect on the graft-take amount of 3% in compare to control, but salicylic acid treatment cause the highest grafting success amount of 8.33% in compare to control, signifying a useful role of salicylic pretreatment in acclimatization to soil conditions for these grafted plantlets.

Fusarium wilt disease is an important disease of tomato. The use of chemical is becoming less appealing for controlling this disease because of the human and environment health implications of these chemicals. In this research, for studing antifungal activity of aqueous plants extract, Azadirachta indica, Melia azadirach, Allium sativum, Curcuma longa, Caryophilium aromaticus, 30 gram of each plant were suspended in 100 ml distilled water, after reaching aqueous extract with water bath (Ben Marie) method, different concentrations 25%, 50%, 100% prepared and added to autoclaved PDA media. After 6 days radical growth of fungi and percentage of growth inhibition were counted after comparing with control and results have been done by SAS test and significant difference P≤0.05. All plant extracts except Caryophilium aromaticus showed significant reduction in the growth of Fusariumoxysporum f.sp. Lycopersici. 100% concentration, Neem (98%) and garlic (93%) extracts were the most effective to inhibit the growth of tested fungi and clove extract had no affections. M.azadirach (87%) and C.longa (83%) caused significant growth inhibition (P ≤ 0.05) of fungi. There were no significant difference between growth inhibition percentage of 50% and 100% concentrations how ever there was significant difference between 25% and 50% concentrations and by increasing concentration, growth inhibition percentage have increased. Findings from this study showed that plant extract can be used as natural fungicide to control pathogenic fungi, thus reducing dependence on the synthetic fungicides. Azadirachta indica which was found to be the most efficient extract (98% inhibition), could be a promising material for controlling this fungi.

Anti-inflammatory activity of the ethanolic extract of the leaves of Morus indica Linn. was studied in wistar rats using the carrageenan induced left hind paw edema, carrageenan induced pleurisy and cotton pellet induced granuloma model. The ethanolic extract (100-mg/kg, p.o.) inhibited carrageenan induced rat paw edema. It also showed an inhibitory effect on leukocyte migration and a reduction on the pleural exudates as well as reduction on the granuloma weight in the cotton pellet granuloma method. The results indicated that the ethanolic extract produced significant (p < 0.05) anti-inflammatory activity when compared with the standard and untreated control.